Cov Board of Directors ntawm McKnight Endowment Fund rau Neuroscience zoo siab tshaj tawm tias nws tau xaiv 6 neuroscientists kom tau txais xyoo 2018 McKnight Scholar Award.
Lub McKnight Scholar Awards tau muab pub rau cov kws tshawb fawb txog cov tub ntxhais hluas uas nyob rau theem pib ntawm lawv tus kheej lub khoos phas ua haujlwm thiab cov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov uas tau cog lus tias yuav ua rau kev siab ntsws. "Lub hom phiaj ntawm Endowment Fund yog los txhawb cov kev tshawb nrhiav tshiab uas yuav ua rau kev tshawb nrhiav mus kom ze rau hnub uas muaj kab mob ntawm lub hlwb tuaj yeem kuaj tau, tiv thaiv, thiab kho," hais tias Kelsey C. Martin MD, PhD, tus thawj coj ntawm lub rooj sib tw khoom plig thiab thawj tswj hwm ntawm David Geffen School of Medicine hauv UCLA. Txij li thaum xyoo 1977 muaj kev qhuas tau, qhov kev qhuas no tau muab tshaj tawm ntau tshaj 225 tus neeg tshawb nrhiav thiab nrhiav tau ntau pua txoj kev nrhiav pom.
"Kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub xyoo no McKnight Scholar tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm gamut los ntawm cov kab mob hlwb neuronal cell ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab kab mob rau cov ntsiab cai ntawm lub koom haum ntawm lub koom haum rau kev coj cwj pwm," said Martin. "Ib qho ntawm tag nrho rau 6 tus xibfwb cov xibhwb hluas no yog tias lawv tabtom xav txog hauv lub thawv kom coj cov tswvyim tshiab, kev tsim, ua kom zoo, thiab cov kev coj tshiab los daws cov teebmeem hauv kev teb cov lus nug txog cov teebmeem ntawm lub sijhawm neuroscience. Rau sawv cev ntawm pawg neeg sawv cev, kuv xav ua tsaug rau txhua tus neeg thov rau lub xyoo no tus McKnight Scholar Txiaj Ntsim rau kev ua kom muaj kev zoo siab thiab kev ntseeg siab rau yav tom ntej ntawm lub paj hlwb. "
Txhua ntawm cov nram qab no rau cov neeg tau txais kev pabcuam McKnight Scholar yuav tau txais $ 75,000 rau ib xyoo rau peb xyoos. Lawv yog:
| Eiman Azim, Ph.D. Salk lub koom haum La Jolla, CA |
Sab Nraud Cov Hluav Taws Xob Kev Tswj Dexterous Forelimb Movement |
| Rudy Behnia, Ph.D. Columbia University New York, NY |
Lub State-dependent Neuromodulation ntawm Circuit for Motion Vision |
| Felice Dunn Ph.D. University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA |
Lub Koom Haum thiab Kev Cai Tswj ntawm Qws thiab Lub Hlwb Lub Zeem Muag |
| John Tuthill Ph.D. University of Washington Seattle, WA |
Kev Siv Tswv Yim Tswj Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyuaj Siab nyob ntawm Drosophila |
| Mingshan Xue, Ph.D. Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX |
Kev muaj nuj nqi thiab Mechanism ntawm lub tswv yim-specific Homeostatic Synaptic yas nyob rau hauv Vivo |
| Brad Zuchero, Ph.D. Stanford University Palo Alto, CA |
Mechanisms ntawm Myelin Membrane Loj Hlob thiab Hloov |
Muaj 64 tus neeg thov kev pabcuam rau xyoo no tus McKnight Scholar Puavpheej, los sawv cev rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov xib fwb tsuas tsim nyog rau qhov khoom plig thaum lawv thawj plaub xyoos hauv ib txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Ntxiv rau Martin, Cov Xeem Txooj Txim Cov Xib Hwb muaj Dora Angelaki, Ph.D., Baylor College of Medicine; Loren Frank, Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco; Richard Mooney, Ph.D., Duke University School of Medicine; Anthony Movshon, Ph.D., New York University School of Medicine; Amita Sehgal, Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania Tsev Kawm Ntawv Kho Mob; thiab Michael Shadlen, MD, Ph.D., Columbia University.
Cov ntawv thov rau xyoo tom ntej no yuav muaj rau lub Cuaj Hlis thiab nyob rau thaum lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2019. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog McKnight txoj kev pabcuam kev sib tw paj hlwb, thov mus saib hauv Lub Chaw Pabcuam Kev Txawj Ntse ntawm lub website ntawm https://www.mcknight.org/programs/the-mcknight-endowment-fund-for-neuroscience
Hais txog McKnight Endowment Fund rau Neuroscience
McKnight Endowment Fund rau Neuroscience yog ib lub koom haum ywj pheej uas tsuas yog los ntawm McKnight Foundation ntawm Minneapolis, Minnesota thiab coj los ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm ntawm cov neeg paub txog cov kab mob hauv lub tebchaws. Lub McKnight Foundation tau txhawb kev tshawb nrhiav kev nyuab siab txij thaum xyoo 1977. Lub Foundation tau tsim Lub Chaw Taw Qhia Nyiaj Txiag hauv xyoo 1986 los ua kom tiav ib qho ntawm cov kev xav ntawm founder William L. McKnight (1887-1979). Ib tug thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab 3M, nws muaj kev txaus siab rau kev nco thiab mob hlwb thiab xav tau ib feem ntawm nws txojsia uas siv los nrhiav kev nrhiav kev kho. Lub Tswv Yim Pab Txhawb (Endowment Fund) ua rau peb hom kev qhuas txhua lub xyoo. Ntxiv rau McKnight Scholar Puavpheej, lawv yog cov McKnight Technological Innovations nyob rau hauv Neuroscience Awards, kev muab cov txiaj ntsig cov noob los tsim kev tsim khoom los txhim kho lub hlwb kev tshawb nrhiav; thiab McKnight Memory and Cognitive Disorders Txeeb, rau cov kws tshawb fawb ua hauj lwm los mus siv cov kev paub uas tau muaj los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb txog neeg lub hlwb uas cuam tshuam kev nco lossis kev paub.
2018 McKnight Scholar Awards
Eiman Azim, Ph.D., Pab xibfwb, Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory,
Salk lub koom haum rau kev tshawb fawb txog Biological, La Jolla, CA
Sab Nraud Cov Hluav Taws Xob Kev Tswj Dexterous Forelimb Movement
Kev coj ntawm peb sab caj npab, txhais tes thiab ntiv tes yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb txhua hnub kev sib tham nrog lub ntiaj teb, tiam sis science yog pib nqus qhov kev nkag siab tias kev tswj xyuas neural zoo li cas tswj qhov kev txiav txim, kev ceev thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov kev coj cwj pwm zoo no. Dr. Azim txoj kev sim ntawm Salk Lub Tsev Haujlwm yog nyob rau ntawm thawj hom kab ke no, tabtom npaj txoj kev sib txig sib luag rau kev tawm tsam cov qauv molecular, anatomical thiab lub cev muaj zog ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib txoj hauv kev ib zaug. Ua kom zoo dua rau cov kev kawm tshuab raj, kev siv tshuab computer pom thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam cov cuab yeej, Azim Lub Hom Phiaj xav tsim ntau tus qauv zoo, kev kawm tsis sib haum, kev sib txeeb, kev sib koom tes ua ke nrog kev sib koom ua ke - thiab hlob. Nws cov kev tshawb pom yuav pab qhia tau hais tias kev kis kab mob los yog kev puas tsuaj cuam tshuam li cas ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev khiav dej num, paving txoj kev rau kev txhim kho mob thiab kev kho mob.
Rudy Behnia, Ph.D., Pab xibfwb ntawm Neuroscience, Columbia University-Zuckerman Ntse Lub Hlwb Lub Hlwb Lub Hlwb, New York, NY
Lub State-dependent Neuromodulation ntawm Circuit for Motion Vision
Dr. Behnia tau tshawb cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua kom qhov muag pom, kev tshawb kawm txog lub hlwb qhov muag pom kev coj tus cwj pwm thiab pab tsiaj thiab tib neeg ciaj sia thiab muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyuaj teem nrog kev hnov suab paj nruas. Kev siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev ua qauv, Behnia tus kuaj tshawb xyuas saib tsiaj txhu li cas thiab hloov lawv tus cwj pwm mus rau kev hloov pauv ntawm ntau hom kev sib txuas ua ke, nrog rau nyob rau hauv vivo ib qho cell cell-clamp recordings, ob-photon kev ua-duab, optogenetic thiab tus cwj pwm coj cwj pwm. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Dr. Behnia McKnight nyiaj txiag ua haujlwm yuav tsum tshawb pom li cas hauv lub xeev xws li kev saib xyuas hloov lub hlwb cov kev xav txog tej stimuli, kev tshawb fawb uas yuav tso tau lub teeb tshiab rau ntawm lub luag hauj lwm neuromodulators ua si hauv kev hloov cov kev ua ntawm cov neural circuits. Cov kev tshawb fawb no tseem tuaj yeem qhia cov hom phiaj tshiab rau cov tswv yim kho mob xws li kev nyuaj siab thiab ADHD.
Felice Dunn, Ph.D., Lwm tus xibfwb qhia txog Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco
Lub Koom Haum thiab Kev Cai Tswj ntawm Qws thiab Lub Hlwb Lub Zeem Muag
Dr. Dunn cov kev tshawb fawb tau npaj rau kev tshawb pom cov ntaub ntawv li cas thiaj parsed thiab tiav hauv qhov retina Circuit Court, kev paub uas yuav qhib tau txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev kho qhov muag tsis pom kev. Thaum muaj ntau yam kab mob plab uas ua rau tsis pom kev los sis dig muag pib nrog qhov degeneration ntawm photoreceptors, seb tus kab mob mus rau qhov teeb meem mus rau cov postsynaptic neurons yog qhov tseem tsis tau paub. Hauv nws txoj kev kuaj pom, Dunn muab cov kev hloov ntawm cov neeg siv photoreceptors, cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm thiab kev pom ntawm cov qe hlwb, thiab cov txheej txheem kev tshawb nrhiav txog kev tshawb nrhiav cov retina hauv hlwb thiab synapses. Nws txoj haujlwm yuav pab kom paub tias lub vev xaib ntxiv nws cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv lub degenerating retina, thiab yuav pab qhia tau cov kev kho mob rau kev txwv los tiv thaiv kev tsis pom kev.
John Tuthill, Ph.D., Pab xibfwb, Physiology thiab Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle
Kev Siv Tswv Yim Tswj Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyuaj Siab nyob ntawm Drosophila
Kev tsim nyog-lub cev kev xav ntawm tus kheej lub zog thiab txoj hauj lwm-yog qhov tseem ceeb, rau txoj kev tswj hwm ntawm kev txav, tseem tsis tshua paub txog tias lub hlwb lub cav sib txuas cov tswv yim no los coj cov kev taw qhia yav tom ntej. Dr. Tuthill's lab yog ua haujlwm kom qhib lub hauv paus ntawm txoj kev kawm hauv lub hlwb los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov paj txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem kawm kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem thiab taug txoj kev tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov chaw, kev txheeb xyuas lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kev tawm tswv yim hauv kev tsav tsheb los ntawm optogenetically manipulating proprioceptor activities. Qhov kev nkag siab tob zog ntawm kev tawm tswv yim tswj proprioceptive muaj peev xwm los hloov txoj hauv kev uas peb to taub thiab kho cov kev mob ntawm cov tsiv.
Mingshan Xue, Ph.D., Pab xibfwb, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
Kev muaj nuj nqi thiab Mechanism ntawm lub tswv yim-specific Homeostatic Synaptic yas nyob rau hauv Vivo
Txhawb txoj kev sib luag thiab hloov hauv lub xeev, lub hlwb noj qab nyob zoo tswj qhov kev sib npaug ntawm qhov kev sib tw thiab kev tiv thaiv (feem ntau yog qhov sib piv li E / I piv) uas yog qhov chaw ruaj khov. Npaum li cas lub hlwb tswj kom qhov nyiaj no? Dr. Xue's laboratory yuav tshawb txog lo lus nug no, muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj molecular, genetic, electrophysiology, optogenetic, kev ntsuam xyuas, thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub hauv paus los txiav txim siab seb qhov homeostatic yas tswj cov synapses hauv ib qho kev tawm tswv yim zoo hauv vivo, ua li cas tswj cov qib siab neuronal thiab cov lus teb. Nkag mus rau qhov tob tob kom paub meej tias lub hlwb lub hlwb zoo licas nrog kev ua rau perturbations muaj peev xwm ua rau txoj kev pabcuam los kho cov kab mob hauv lub hlwb uas cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb lub ntuj tshuav.
Brad Zuchero, Ph.D., Pab xibfwb ntawm Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
Mechanisms ntawm Myelin Membrane Loj Hlob thiab Hloov
Qhov poob ntawm myelin-roj hluav taws xob insulator nyob ib ncig ntawm neuronal axons-yuav ua rau lub cev muaj zog loj thiab lub hlwb khiav tsis zoo hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj ntau yam sclerosis thiab lwm yam kab mob ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb. Ua ib lub "textbook model" ntawm cov qauv mechanism uas tsav myelin tsim yog tam sim no lub hom phiaj ntawm Dr. Zuchero txoj kev tshawb nrhiav nyob hauv Stanford University. Kev sib txuas lus nrog rau kev sib tw nrog CRISPR / Cas, thiab cov cuab yeej tshiab hauv kev tsim kho cov cuab yeej tshiab, thiab Zuchero cov pab pawg yuav tshawb xyuas seb yog vim li cas thiab vim li cas cov paj hlwb yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov oligodendrocyte actin cytoskelton, qhia lub hom phiaj tshiab los yog kev kho mob rau kev kho tshiab thiab kho kho.
