Investigator Awards

2000 – 2002

John R. Carlson, Ph.D., Yale University
Odor Receptor Gene Selection: A Genetic Analysis in Drosophila

Ulrike Heberlein, Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco
Neuroanatomical Bases of Ethanol-induced Behaviors in Drosophila

Alex L. Kolodkin, Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
The Role of Replusive Pathfinding Cues in the Vertebrate Olfactory System

Gilles J. Laurent, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology
Memory in Olfactory Network Dynamics

Dennis D.M. O’Leary, Ph.D., The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Genetic Studies of the Specification of Cortical Areas

1997-1999

George J. Augustine, Ph.D., Duke University Medical Center
Using Photochemistry to Dissect the Exocytotic Protein Cascade

Utpal Banerjee, Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles
Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Neuronal Prepatterning

Ben Barres, M.D., Ph.D., Stanford University School of Medicine
The Role of Glia in the Development and Function of Synapses

Stuart Firestein, Ph.D., Columbia University
Expression of Cloned Odor Receptors Using Viral Vectors

David Fitzpatrick, Ph.D., Duke University Medical Center
Exploring the Function of Cortical Circuits in Vivo: A Combined Intracellular and Extracellular Approach

David J. Julius, Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco
The Role of Nucleotides as Neurotransmitters

Roderick MacKinnon, M.D., The Rockefeller University
X-ray Structure Analysis of Ion Channel Binding and Regulatory Domains

Robert C. Malenka, M.D., Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco
Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity

Gail Mandel, Ph.D., State University of New York
Genetic Silencing in Flies: How to Quiet Your Nerves

Thomas F.J. Martin, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin, Madison
Molecular Mechanisms of Neurosecretion

Susan K. McConnell, Ph.D., Stanford University School of Medicine
Determination of Neuronal Fates in Visual Cortex

David McCormick, Ph.D., Yale University School of Medicine
Interactions Between Synaptic and Network Properties in the Thalamus

Jeffery D. Schall, Ph.D., Vanderbilt University
Neural Selection and Control of Visually Guided Action

Terry T. Takahashi, Ph.D., University of Oregon
Neural Basis of Auditory Attention

Gary Yellen, Ph.D., Massachusetts General Hospital
Molecular Cloning of the Ih Pacemaker Channel, and Its Role in the Rhythm Generation in the Brain

1994-1996

Susan G. Amara, Ph.D., Oregon Health & Science University
The Role of Glutamate Transporters in Synaptic Activity: Monitoring Glutamate Uptake in Situ Using pH-Sensitive Fluorescent Dyes

Bruce P. Bean, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School
G Protein Control of Ionic Channels and Synaptic Transmission

Jane Dodd, Ph.D., Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons
Inductive Interactions in the Control of Floor Plate Differentiation

Eric Frank, Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
The Role of Late-migrating Spinal Cord Cells in the Development of Sensory Ganglia

Philip G. Haydon, Ph.D., Iowa State University
Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission

Lawrence C. Katz, Ph.D., Duke University Medical Center
Scanning Laser Photostimulation: A New Approach for Deciphering Cortical Circuits

Chris R. Kintner, Ph.D., The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
The F-Cadherin and the Formation of Neural Boundaries

Nikos K. Logothetis, Ph.D., Baylor College of Medicine
Pictorial and Memorial Representations of Visual Objects: Monkey Psychophysics and Physiology

Eve Marder, Ph.D., Brandeis University
Activity-dependent Regulation of Neurons and Networks

Lawrence E. Mays, Ph.D., University of Alabama at Birmingham
A Neurophysiological Study of Adaptive Gain Control for Accommodation and Convergence

Jonathan A. Raper, Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania Medical Center
Inhibition of Growth Cone Motility

Lorna W. Role, Ph.D., Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene
Role of Presynaptic Ligand-gated Channels in the Regulation of Transmitter Release from CNS Neurons

Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco
Guidance for Novel Axonal Chemoattractants, and Analysis of Chemoattractant Function in Vivo

Kai Zinn, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology
Control of Cell Identity by Homobox Transcription Factors in the Insect CNS

1991-1993

Thomas D. Albright, Ph.D., The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Neural Correlates of Perceptual Feature Integration

Martin Chalfie, Ph.D., Columbia University
Identification and Characterization of Degenerin Homologues

Gregor Eichele, Ph.D., Baylor College of Medicine
Molecular Basis of Pattern Formation in Vertebrates

David Ferster, Ph.D., Northwestern University
Mechanisms of Neuronal Computation in the Cat Visual Cortex

Barry Ganetzky, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Synaptic Transmission in Drosophila

Charles Gilbert, M.D., Ph.D., The Rockefeller University
Plasticity of Topography in Adult Mammalian Visual Cortex

Michael R. Green, Ph.D., Harvard University
Role of ATF Transcription Factors in Memory

Mary E. Hatten, Ph.D., The Rockefeller University
Molecular Mechanisms of Glial-guided Neuronal Migration

John H.R. Maunsell, M.D., Ph.D., University of Rochester
Neural Representations of Remembered Visual Patterns

Marc R. Montminy, Ph.D., The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Regulation of Somatostatin Gene Expression by Transcription Factor CREB

Gary Ruvkun, Ph.D., Massachusetts General Hospital
Analysis of Genes that Control Neuronal Cell Identity and Connectivity in C. elegans

Klaudiusz R. Weiss, Ph.D., Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Cellular Studies of Modulatory Cotransmission in Aplysia

Monte Westerfield, Ph.D., University of Oregon
Genetic Regulation of Neurogenesis

Stephen L. Zipursky, Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles
Molecular Studies of Drosophila Eye Development

1988-1990

Craig H. Bailey, Ph.D., Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene
Morpholocial Basis of Short- and Long-term Memory

Ronald L. Davis, Ph.D., Baylor College of Medicine
Behavioral Effects of Modulating the Activity of Learning/Memory Genes in Drosophila

Kathleen Dunlap, Ph.D., Tufts University School of Medicine
Direct Measurement of Calcium Influx into Electrophysiologically Inaccessable Nerve Terminals

Fred H. Gage, Ph.D., University of California, San Diego
Grafting of Cells Engineered to Produce NGF to the Brain

William A. Harris, Ph.D., University of California, San Diego
The Cellular and Molecular Basis of Cell Type Determination in the Nervous System

Steven G. Lisberger, Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco
Site of Motor Learning in the Vestibulo-ocular Reflex

Kelly E. Mayo, Ph.D., Northwestern University
Hormonal Control of Reproductive Behavior in the Female Rat

William T. Newsome, Ph.D., Stanford University School of Medicine
Neural Computations Underlying the Perception of Motion

Nikolaos K. Robakis, Ph.D., The Mount Sinai Medical Center
Structural Studies and Gene Dosage Determination of the Alzheimer Amyloid Precursor Protein

Tsunao Saitoh, Ph.D., University of California, San Diego
Abnormal Phosphorylation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Joshua R. Sanes, Ph.D., Washington University School of Medicine
Cell Lineage Analysis of the Vertebrate Neuromuscular System

Gary Struhl, Ph.D., College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University
The Roles and Mechanisms of Molecular Gradients Organizing Cell Pattern and Behavior

Mriganka Sur, Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Plasticity and Target Specificity of Functional Visual Projections

Gary L. Westbrook, M.D., Oregon Health & Science University
Modulation of Synaptic Efficacy in Vitro

1985-1987

Thomas H. Brown, Ph.D., Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope
Mechanism of Associative Long-term Potentiation

Corey S. Goodman, Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley
Cell Recognition During Neuronal Development

Mark Gurney, Ph.D., The University of Chicago
Molecular Cloning of a cDNA Encoding the 56kd Survival Factor for Spinal Neurons

James F. Gusella, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Recombinant DNA Approaches to Inherited Neurodegenerative Disorders

Thomas M. Jessell, Ph.D., Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons
Molecular Mechanisms of Sensory Transmission and Neuronal Organization in the Spinal Cord

Mary B. Kennedy, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology
Structural and Functional Studies of Brain Type II Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase

Eric I. Knudsen, Ph.D., Stanford University School of Medicine
Experience-dependent Changes in Auditory Localization and Its Neural Substrates in the Barn Owl

Jeff W. Lichtman, M.D., Ph.D., Washington University School of Medicine
Long-term Visualization of Living Axon Terminals

Charles Marotta, M.D., Ph.D., Massachusetts General Hospital
RNA Metabolism in the Alzheimer’s Disease Brain

William G. Quinn, Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Comparison of Learning Kinetics and Adenylate Cyclase Kinetics in Drosophila

Samuel M. Schacher, Ph.D., Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene
Common Mechanisms Underlying Synapse Formation and Plasticity

Michael P. Stryker, Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco
Role of Electrical Activity in Synapse Rearrangement in Mammalian Central Nervous System

Larry W. Swanson, Ph.D., The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Differential Gene Expression in Mammalian Neuroendocrine Montoneurons

Mark B. Willard, Ph.D., Washington University School of Medicine
Molecular Basis for Changes of State in Neurons

1982-1984

Xandra O. Breakefield, Ph.D., Shriver Center for Mental Retardation
Biochemical Components of Memory: Locating the Gene Responsible for Familial Alzheimer’s Disease

Gerald L. Hazelbauer, Ph.D., Washington State University
Molecular Biological Studies of a Rudimentary Memory Function

Daniel Johnston, Ph.D., Baylor College of Medicine
Voltage-clamp Analysis of Long-term Potentiation in the Hippocampus

Jon M. Lindstrom, Ph.D., The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Monoclonal Antibodies as Probes for Brain Acetylcholine Receptors

Richard E. Mains, Ph.D., The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Production of Cell Surface Antibodies to ACTH/Endorphin Cells

Kenneth J. Muller, Ph.D., University of Miami School of Medicine
Studies on Short-term Changes in Synaptic Transmission and on Axon Growth

James A. Nathanson, M.D., Ph.D., Massachusetts General Hospital
A Model for the Aminergic Synapse

Paul H. Patterson, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology
The Molecular Determinants of Synapse Formation

Carla J. Shatz, Ph.D., Stanford University School of Medicine
Prenatal Development of Functional Connections in the Cat’s Visual System

David C. Spray, Ph.D., Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Control of Intercellular Communication Via Gap Junctions

James W. Truman, Ph.D., University of Washington
Hormonal Approaches to Neural Plasticity

Thomas A. Woolsey, M.D., Washington University School of Medicine
Immunocytochemical Studies of Mouse Barrel Cortex

Anne B. Young, M.D., Ph.D., University of Michigan
In Vivo Receptor Autoradiography in Animal Models of Three Human Neurodegenerative Diseases