Diisambar 18, 2020
Sanduuqa 'McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience' wuxuu soo xushay saddex mashruuc si loo helo abaalmarinta 2021 Neurobiology of Brain Disorder Awards. Abaalmarintan ayaa wadar ahaan noqon doonta $900,000 muddo seddex sano ah oo loogu talagalay cilmi baaris ku saabsan bayoolojiga cudurada maskaxda, iyadoo mashruuc kasta la siinayo $300,000 inta u dhaxeysa 2021 iyo 2024.
Abaalmarinta Neurobiology ee Maskaxda Maskaxda (NBD) waxay taageertaa cilmi baaris cusub oo ay sameeyeen saynisyahano Mareykan ah oo baranaya cudurada neerfaha iyo maskaxda. Abaalmarinnadu waxay dhiirrigelinayaan iskaashiga u dhexeeya aasaasiga iyo daaweynta neerfaha si loo turjumo daahfurnaanta sheybaarka ee ku saabsan maskaxda iyo nidaamka neerfaha baaritaanka iyo daaweynta si loo wanaajiyo caafimaadka aadanaha.
"Waa wax lagu farxo in la helo fursad aan ku taageerno qaar ka mid ah hoggaamiyeyaasha neerfaha ee qaranka ee cilmi baaristooda," ayuu yiri Ming Guo, MD, Ph.D., oo ah guddoomiyaha guddiga abaalmarinta iyo borofisar ku takhasusay cilmiga neerfaha iyo dawooyinka ee UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine . Abaal marinta sanadkan waxay wadaan cilmi baaris ku saabsan arimaha saameeya dad aad u tiro badan iyo bulshada guud ahaan: Cudurka Parkinson, dhanjafka, iyo faafa xanuunka daba dheeraada ee salka ku haya dhibaatada cudurka opioid. Markaan fahanno astaamaha neerobiology ee faafinta cudurka iyo sida cuduradaan maskaxda ay ugu shaqeeyaan shabakada iyo heerka gacanta, waxaan albaabka u fureynaa habab cusub oo looga hortago, loo naaquso, loona daweeyo. ”
Abaalmarinta waxaa dhiirrigeliya danaha William L. McKnight, oo aasaasay The McKnight Foundation 1953 oo doonayay inuu taageero cilmi-baaris ku saabsan cudurka maskaxda. Gabadhiisa, Virginia McKnight Binger, iyo guddiga McKnight Foundation waxay aasaaseen barnaamijka 'McKnight neuroscience program' si loogu sharfo 1977.
Abaal marinno badan ayaa la bixiyaa sannad kasta. Saddexda abaalmarin ee sannadkan waa:
- Rui Chang, Ph.D., Kaaliyaha Professor, Waaxyada cilmiga neerfaha iyo cilmiga jirka iyo unugyada jirka, Yale University School of Medicine; iyo Sreeganga Chandra, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Waaxyaha neerfaha iyo neerfaha, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
Laga soo bilaabo mindhicirka ilaa maskaxda: Fahmitaanka faafinta cudurka Parkinson: Dr. Chang iyo Dr. Chandra waxay ujeedadoodu tahay inay soo bandhigaan sida cudurka Parkinson uu ugu faafo mindhicirka ilaa maskaxda iyada oo loo marayo dareemaha xubinta taranka iyo in la baaro siyaabaha loo yareeyo ama looga hortago faafitaankaan. - Rainbo Hultman, Ph.D., Kaaliyaha Professor, Waaxda Molecular Physiology iyo Biophysics, Machadka Iowa Neuroscience - Carver College of Medicine, Jaamacadda Iowa, Magaalada Iowa, IA
Isku xirnaanta korantada maskaxda ee dhanjafka: Ku aaddan horumarinta daaweynta ku saleysan shabakadda: Cilmi-baarista Dr. Hultman waxay abuuri doontaa khariidad maskaxeed oo ballaaran oo ku saabsan dhaqdhaqaaqa korantada ee ku jira madax-xanuunka iyo tijaabinta saameynta daaweynta ee hawshan. - Gregory Scherrer, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Waaxda Cilmiga Biology iyo Physiology, UNC Neuroscience Center, Jaamacadda North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
Tirinta aasaaska neerfaha ee xanuunka xumaanta: Wareegyada iyo daweynta cusub si loo joojiyo labada cudur ee xanuunka daba dheeraada iyo qabatinka opioid: Shaqada Dr. Scherrer waxay diirada saareysaa soo bandhigida sida neerfayaasha maskaxda kujira u socodsiiyaan macluumaadka xanuunka talaabada ugu horeysa si loo helo habab cusub oo wanaagsan oo lagu yareeyo xanuunka daba dheeraada iyada oo aan la helin waxyeelada xun ee xanuun joojiyaha badan.
Iyada oo 87 waraaqood oo ujeeddo ah la helay sannadkan, abaalmarinnadu waa kuwo aad u tartamaya. Guddi saynisyahano caan ah ayaa dib u eegis ku sameeya waraaqaha waxayna ku casuumayaan dhowr cilmi baarayaal ah inay soo gudbiyaan soo jeedin buuxda Dr. Guo ka sokow, guddiga waxaa ka mid ah Sue Ackerman, Ph.D., Jaamacadda California, San Diego; Susanne Ahmari, MD, Ph.D., Jaamacadda Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Robert Edwards, MD, Jaamacadda California, San Francisco; Andre´ Fenton, Ph.D., Jaamacadda New York; Tom Lloyd, MD, Ph.D., Dugsiga Caafimaadka Johns Hopkins; iyo Harry Orr, Ph.D., Jaamacadda Minnesota.
Waraaqaha ujeedka loogu talagalay abaalmarinta 2022 waxay ku egtahay Maarso 15, 2021.
Ku saabsan Sanduuqa Maaliyadda ee McKnight Fund for Neuroscience
Sanduuqa McKnight Fund ee Neuroscience waa urur madax-bannaan oo ay maalgeliso oo kaliya Mashruuca McKnight ee Minneapolis, Minnesota, oo uu hogaaminayey guddi khubaro ah oo ku takhasusay dareemayaasha ka yimaada waddanka. Machadka McKnight Foundation wuxuu taageersanaa cilmi-baarista neurosiyaanka tan iyo 1977-kii. Foundation wuxuu aasaasay Sanduuqa Dhexe ee Bixinta 1986 si uu u fuliyo mid ka mid ah ujeedooyinka aasaasiga ah ee aasaasaha aasaasaha ah William L. McKnight (1887-1978), mid ka mid ah hoggaamiyayaashii hore ee shirkadda 3M.
Sanduuqa 'Endowment Fund' wuxuu sameeyaa saddex nooc oo abaalmarin ah sannad kasta. Marka lagu daro Abaalmarinta Neurobiology ee Maskaxda Maskaxda, waxay yihiin McKnight Technological Innovation in Neuroscience Awards, iyagoo siinaya lacag abuur si loo horumariyo ikhtiraaca farsamo si loo hormariyo cilmi baarista maskaxda; iyo Abaal-marinta McKnight Scholar, oo taageeraya neerfisyahannada marxaladaha hore ee shaqadooda cilmi-baarista.
Abaalmarinta 2021 NBD
Rui Chang, Ph.D., Kaaliyaha Professor, Waaxyaha Neuroscience iyo Cilmiga jirka iyo unugyada jirka, Yale School of Medicine
Sreeganga Chandra, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Waaxyada Neurology iyo Neuroscience, Yale School School of Medicine
Laga soo bilaabo mindhicirka illaa maskaxda: Fahmitaanka faafinta cudurka Parkinson
Cudurka Parkinson waa cudur si ballaaran loo yaqaan laakiin weli qarsoodi ah neerfaha neerfaha oo si ba'an u saameeya tayada nolosha. Sida saxda ah ee cudurku kubilaabmo lama oga, laakiin cilmi baaris dhowaan la sameeyay ayaa muujineysa in ugu yaraan kiisaska qaar ee cudurka Parkinson ay ka soo baxaan mindhicirka oo ay ku faafaan maskaxda iyadoo loo marayo dareemaha xubinta taranka, dareen dheer oo isku dhafan oo dhinacyo badan leh kuna xiraya xubno badan maskaxda.
Dr. Chang iyo Dr. Chandra waxay u qaadanayaan aragtidan faafinta mindhicirka illaa maskaxda heerka ku xiga cilmi baaristooda. Labadooda ujeedadood ee ugu horeysa waxay raadinayaan inay si sax ah u aqoonsadaan tirada dadka vagal neuron ee gudbiya cudurka Parkinson iyo habka ay u shaqeeyaan xiidmaha iyo neerfayaashaan. Tijaabadu waxay isticmaashaa qaab jiir, irbado borotiino ah oo soo jiidan kara cudurka Parkinson, iyo hanaan sheeko cusub oo lagu calaamadiyo laguna xulo noocyada gaarka ah ee neerfaha. Iyadoo loo marayo tijaabooyin ay kujiraan neerfayaasha qaarkood, borotiinka la soo saaray, iyo jiirka loo baaray cudurka Parkinson, ayaa kooxda ku soo koobaysa musharixiinta gaarka ah. Ujeeddada saddexaad, kooxdu waxay rajeyneysaa in ay soo bandhigaan habka cudurka loogu qaado heerka meerkulka ee dareemayaasha.
Cilmi-baaristu waa wada shaqeyn, dadaal isku-dhafan oo lagu muujinayo khibradda Dr. Chang ee baaritaanka dareemaha vagal iyo nidaamka soo-galista iyo khibradda Dr. Chandra ee cudurka Parkinson iyo cuduradiisa. Waxaa la rajeynayaa in faham wanaagsan oo sax ah oo ku saabsan sida cudurku u gaaro maskaxda, bartilmaameedyada cusub ee ka fog maskaxda loo aqoonsan karo daaweyn taas ka sii saxsan, taasoo u oggolaaneysa daaweynta inay dib u dhigto ama yareyso bilowga cudurka Parkinson iyadoo aan waxyeello loo geysan maskaxda ama saameynaya shaqooyinka kale ee badan ee muhiimka ah ee dareemayaasha foosha ee aan caadiga ahayn ama nidaamka qalliinka.
Rainbo Hultman, Ph.D., Kaaliyaha Professor, Waaxda Fiyoolojiga Molecular iyo Biophysics, Machadka Iowa Neuroscience - Carver College of Medicine, Jaamacadda Iowa
Isku xirnaanta korantada maskaxda ee dhanjafka: Ku aaddan horumarinta daaweynta ku-xirnaanta shabakadda
Dhanjafku waa faafis, inta badan cillad-daciifisa. Waa mid adag oo caan ku ah daaweynta; dadka qaba waxay leeyihiin calaamado kala geddisan, oo badanaa kiciya xasaasiyadda dareenka, oo ay ka mid noqon karaan xanuun, lallabbo, aragga oo daciifa, iyo saameyn kale. Dhanjafku wuxuu saameeyaa qaybo badan oo maskaxda ka mid ah, laakiin had iyo jeer isku si uma wada aha, daaweynta badanaana saameyn isku mid ah kuma yeelanayso qof ilaa qof. Daraasada Dr. Hultman waxay soo jeedineysaa in lagu baaro xanuunka dhanjafka iyadoo la adeegsanayo aalado cusub iyadoo looga dan leeyahay in lagu iftiimiyo waddooyinka cusub ee daaweynta.
Cilmi-baaristu waxay ku dhiseysaa kooxdeeda daah-furkeeda arrimo door ah, cabbiraadaha qaababka waxqabadka korantada ee maskaxda ku xiran xaaladaha maskaxda ee gaarka ah. Iyadoo la adeegsanaayo qalab lagu beero si loo cabiro waxqabadka maskaxda ee moodellada jiirka ee matalaya madax xanuunka dhanjafka daran iyo kuwa dabadheeraad ah, kooxdeeda ayaa indha indheyn doonta qeybaha maskaxda jiirku shaqeynayo iyo sida ay u kala horreeyaan miisaanka halbeega markii ugu horeysay Barashada mashiinka ayaa gacan ka geysan doonta abaabulka xogta la soo ururiyey, iyo khariidadaha elektrooniga ah ee la abuuray ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu caawiyo in lagu garto qaybaha maskaxda ee ay waxyeellada soo gaartey, iyo sida elektromikada ay isu beddesho muddo ka dib, gaar ahaan bilowga cudurka daba dheeraada Tijaabadu waxay sidoo kale baareysaa qaababka waxqabadka korantada ee ku xiran jawaab celinta akhlaaqda; tusaale ahaan, astaamaha korantada ee lagu arkay maskaxda maado ee dooneysa in laga fogaado laydh dhalaalaya ayaa laga yaabaa inay bixiyaan hab lagu saadaaliyo jawaabaha aadka u daran ee dhanjafka.
Qeybta labaad ee cilmi baarista Dr. Hultman ayaa markaa adeegsan doonta isla qalab si loo eego sida loo heli karo daweynta iyo kahortaga. Waxyaabaha elektarooniga ah ee maadooyinka lagu daaweeyo daaweyntan ayaa la ururin doonaa lana barbardhigi doonaa kontaroolada si loo aqoonsado qaybaha maskaxda ay saameeyeen iyo qaabkee, ka caawinta muujinta saameynta daaweyn kasta / kahortag kasta, iyo sidoo kale saameynta daawada oo aad u isticmaasha madax xanuun, a waxyeellada guud ee ay la kulmaan dadka qaba xanuunka dhanjafka ee doonaya inay maareeyaan xaaladdooda.
Gregory Scherrer, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Waaxda Cilmiga Biology iyo Physiology, UNC Neuroscience Center, Jaamacadda North Carolina
Tirinta aasaaska neerfaha ee xanuunka xumaanta: Wareegyada iyo daweynta cusub si loo joojiyo labada cudur ee xanuunka daba dheeraada iyo qabatinka opioid
Xanuunku waa sida maskaxdeenu u aragto kicinta waxyeelada leh, laakiin maahan khibrad keliya. Waa noocyo badan, oo ku lug leh gudbinta ka timaadda neerfaha ilaa laf-dhabarka iyo maskaxda, ka shaqeynta calaamadaha, kicinta ficil celinta, ka dibna la socoshada dhaqdhaqaaqa neural ee ku lug leh ficillada si loo dajiyo xanuunka muddada dhow iyo hababka barashada adag ee looga hortagayo mustaqbalka.
Xanuunku sidoo kale wuxuu udub dhexaad u yahay waxa Dr. Scherrer uu u arko inay yihiin laba cudur oo faafa oo isku dhafan: faafida xanuunka joogtada ah, ee saameynaya qaar ka mid ah 116 milyan oo Mareykan ah, iyo cudurka opioid ee ka dhasha isticmaalka xun ee daroogada xoogga leh iyo inta badan balwadaha si loo daaweeyo. Daraasaddiisa, Dr. Scherrer wuxuu raadinayaa inuu si sax ah u ogaado sida maskaxdu ugu xirto xumaanta xanuunka. Daawooyin badan ayaa raadinaya inay saameyn ku yeeshaan dareenkaas xun laakiin badanaa waa kuwa dibedda ka yimaada oo sidoo kale kiciya abaalmarinta iyo wareegga neefsashada, taasoo horseedda qabatinka (iyo kordhinta dheeraadka ah) iyo xirmidda neefsashada ee mas'uulka ka ah dhimashada la xiriirta opioid.
Kooxda Dr. Scherrer waxay abuuri doontaa khariidad maskaxeed oo ballaaran oo ku saabsan wareegyada shucuurta xanuunka iyadoo la adeegsanayo qabashada hiddo-wadaha iyo calaamadeynta dareemayaasha dareemayaasha ee dhaqdhaqaaqa firfircoonida leh calaamadaha dhaadheer. Ta labaad, unugyada maskaxda ee firfircoon ayaa lakala saari doonaa oo koodhadhkooda hidde sida loo kala saari doono, iyadoo laga raadinayo soo dhaweynayaal caadi ah unugyadaas oo bartilmaameed u noqon kara daaweynta. Ugu dambeyntiina, cilmi-baaristu waxay baari doontaa iskudhafyada maktabadaha kiimikada ee loogu talagalay inay la falgalaan mid ka mid ah kuwa la aqoonsaday ee duubayaasha bartilmaameedka ah; saameynta ay iskudhisyadaasi ku leeyihiin raaxo xumada xanuunka; iyo haddii xeryahan ay sidoo kale halis ugu jiraan in si xad dhaaf ah loo isticmaalo ama ay saameyn ku yeeshaan habka neefsashada. Ugu dambeyntii, ujeedku waa in laga caawiyo sidii loo heli lahaa habab wanaagsan oo lagu yareeyo dhammaan noocyada xanuunka iyo in la wanaajiyo fayo-qabka iyo tayada nolosha bukaannada la kulma.
